Kidney is the main organ to discharge metabolites of medicines, most
medicines we take don’t accumulate in our body, they will be discharged through
intestinal tract or kidney into urine, either metabolized or in its primary
form. Kidney is the organ that has rich blood volume, the kidney tubules can
make the concentration of medicines in urine several times higher than it in
blood through its reabsorption function, the procedure can cause nephritisfrom
the high concentration of medicines.
How medicines cause nephritis? First, high concentration of medicines can
directly damage the kidney tubular epithelial cell, and the damage increase with
the medicine concentration and lasting time. Second, medicines or its
metabolites induce the body to cause immune reaction and produce complexes,
which can deposit in kidney and cause damage to glomerulus, kidney tubules and
interstitium, this kind of damage are usually not connected with the dosage.
Third, obstructive kidney lesions, sulfonamides can produce sulfanilamide
crystal and cause obstruction and damage to kidney tubules, pelvis, calyx, and
ureter.
It is not to say that patients can’t take medicines that are toxic to the
kidney, so long as the patients and their doctors pay enough attention, they can
prevent the medicine from damaging the kidneys. And when we need to take
medicines, neither it is proper to abuse it or put it away, it is the best
advice to consult a pharmacist more and observe their instructions.