Treatment should first limit the intake of sodium water, pay attention to keep dry weight, 75% of patients can control blood pressure. Invalid can be added with antihypertensive drugs, ACEI class and calcium channel blocker is preferred. 3% to 5% of patients with refractory hypertension, diarrhea or hemodialysis may be effective.
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2). left ventricular dysfunction
Fully dialysis dehydration, to maintain dry weight is the main treatment, the other must correct anemia, control blood pressure and nutritional treatment.
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Osmotic dominance. Treatment should strengthen the dialysis and ultrafiltration, correct hypoproteinemia, improve the body state.
4). anemia
Renal erythropoietin (EPO) production is the main reason. EPO is the main means of treatment of renal anemia, other treatment, including enhanced dialysis, supplement hematopoietic raw materials, reduce dialysis blood loss, severe anemia can be a small amount of blood transfusion.
5). secondary hyperparathyroidism and renal bone disease
Clinical manifestations of bone pain, fractures, bone deformation, joint swelling and pain and deformation, muscle tension decreased, metastatic calcification and tendon rupture. Diagnosis depends more on clinical symptoms, serum calcium, phosphorus, I-PTH concentration and bone X-ray performance. Bone biopsy is a gold index for diagnosing renal bone disease. Treatment is mainly to add active vitamin D3, the other is also feasible blood perfusion and surgical removal of parathyroid gland and so on.
6). genitourinary system
Hemodialysis patients with urinary stones, infections, malignant tumors and impotence, loss of libido and other rates were significantly higher. In addition, access to renal cysts more common, caused by the kidney itself, regardless of dialysis, can be complicated by bleeding, infection and malignant transformation. Treatment are symptomatic, severe renal resection.
7). the nervous system
Mainly caused by aluminum poisoning, uremic toxins, parathyroid hormone retention, vitamins, trace elements, water and electrolyte disorders and other factors. Central lesions showed attention deficit disorder, light film, delusion, mental decline, severe cases of language and movement disorders, or even spasm, dementia.
Peripheral neuropathy is an important manifestation of the depth of sensory disturbances, a small number of patients with late onset of movement disorders or even flaccid paralysis. Autonomic neuropathy showed low blood pressure, sexual dysfunction, sweat gland secretion disorders, gastrointestinal disorders and so on. Treatment includes avoiding aluminum contact, strengthening dialysis, improving nutritional status, correcting anemia, etc., if necessary, diverted to blood filter or peritoneal dialysis. Kidney transplantation is the most effective way.
8). skin
Mainly for the skin color changes, itching, dry, hair nail changes and oral lesions. Which part of the enhanced dialysis effective, most can only symptomatic treatment, no special treatment.
