Everyone knows that diabetic nephropathy is one of the many complications of
diabetes. The most important symptom is the presence of glomeruli in the
kidneys, which are prone to deterioration. Once this symptom is discovered, it
will be advanced. So what factors form diabetic nephropathy? Let us take a look
at the factors that form diabetic nephropathy.
The factors that form diabetes are as follows:
First, genetic factors
Most patients with diabetes will eventually not have kidney disease, but some
patients with good long-term glycemic control may also have diabetic
nephropathy, mainly due to the formation of major glucose transporters on
mesangial cells.
Second, high blood sugar factors
Most diabetic nephropathy is closely related to hyperglycemia. When the
patient's blood sugar control is poor, hyperglycemia and glycosylation end
product production increase, causing mesangial cell proliferation, extracellular
matrix, mesangial expansion, The glomerular basement membrane is thickened,
etc., thereby promoting the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy.
Third, the factors of hypertension
Although there is no direct relationship between hypertension and diabetic
nephropathy, the increase in blood pressure during the microalbuminurial period
of the original hypertension course can accelerate the deterioration of renal
function in patients with diabetic nephropathy, thereby inducing diabetic
nephropathy.
Fourth, renal hemodynamic abnormal factors
Renal blood flow factors play a very important role in the development of
diabetic nephropathy, and may be a starting factor. The specific analysis is
generally carried out from the following four situations:
1. When hyperglycemia, the capillary wall pressure increases, promotes the
expansion of mesangial cells, the epithelial cell foot processes fuse and
produce dense droplets, and the glomerular epithelial cells fall off the
basement membrane, resulting in high perfusion in the glomerulus. High
filtration state.
2, glomerular basement membrane type IV collagen messenger nucleic acid
increased, to thicken the basement membrane, and finally form a diffuse, nodular
lesion of the mesangium, resulting in glomerular sclerosis.
3. In the case of increased renal blood flow pressure, protein filtration
increases, promotes matrix augmentation, forms mesangial area and glomerular
basement membrane, leading to nodular glomerular sclerosis.
