What Is The Treatment For Uremia

Uremic patients are now more and more, and because great harm uremia difficult to treat, is a great threat to life, then how to treat uremia? This is a question a lot of uremic patients are most concerned about.

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Many patients the first two can not have any symptoms, but have abnormal urine test. Therefore, any time urine test is very important in patients with chronic kidney disease has been diagnosed should be treated promptly to avoid the use of nephrotoxic drugs, try to control blood pressure, blood glucose, or reduce blood lipids, delaying renal failure, uremia and prevent cardiovascular and other complications. For kidney disease patients, in addition to adhere to the correct treatment, diet is also very important. In general, for the whole body was swollen, or have high blood pressure, should be appropriate restrictions on salt, for no obvious edema, normal blood pressure, salt is not necessarily limited.

Existing renal impairment due to the non-dialysis limit protein intake according to the degree of renal dysfunction, the daily protein intake of 0.5-0.8g / Kg body weight, you should try the intake of high-quality protein (fish, lean meat, eggs, etc.), avoid soy, because protein is the main source of waste generated in vivo metabolism, will increase the burden on the kidneys and accelerate the deterioration of renal function is caused by increased blood urea nitrogen, hyperphosphatemia, acidosis, mainly due to hyperkalemia and symptoms of uremia.
Once medical therapy, the glomerular filtration rate dropped to 10% or less should be receiving dialysis treatment, because the more the later complications of dialysis, the patient's prognosis worse, the lower the quality of life and shorter survival time. For patients already on dialysis, advocating high-protein diet, the daily protein intake of 1.2g / Kg body weight, because dialysis partial solution to the problem of metabolic waste excretion, plus dialysis itself will lose some nutrients. Note that residual renal function should try to retain as much as possible to correct anemia, weight between dialysis should not exceed 3Kg

Common uremia treatment methods are:

A kidney transplant

Some late uremia, need long-term dialysis treatment when their economic and physical conditions are suitable, it will choose a kidney transplant.
Kidney transplant is through surgery, organ donor kidney transplant to a patient's body to accept the transplant process. Possible sources of kidneys: family, spouse, close friend or alive sign of brain death and organ donation consent of people. Kidney transplant (kidney transplant) in a short time can bring a better quality of life; but a kidney transplant is a big project, although current medical technology has been very good, a lot remains to be done in advance of the assessment, in order to improve the success of transplant probability.

Two, hemodialysis

Dialysis (dialysis): refers to dialysis by filtration, selectively exclude certain substances in the blood. That is, by manual approach will uremic patients after the body of accumulated toxic waste, water and salt excluded, so that the physical condition of the patient to return to a healthy state.
Dialysis form currently used in two ways: hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Hemodialysis is using a special machine to replace kidney function. Peritoneal dialysis is the body's peritoneum acts as a filter, rid the body of toxins.

Third, uremia diet therapy

1. Limit intake of potassium: potassium vivo accumulation can cause muscle weakness, severe cases can cause the heart rate and cause heart failure is not the whole generation.

2. protein restriction: No dialysis, waste because the kidneys can not produce the protein metabolism after discharge, so the situation is more serious uremia, therefore, will be proposed to reduce the intake of protein; but if dialysis when shall Note that when dialysis can cause loss of body protein, it must meet the nutritionist's advice, in order to maintain the desired body.

3. Restrict sodium intake: because salt contains a higher sodium content, in uremia body if too much sodium can cause body water retention, which causes heart and lung failure and aggravating circumstances uremia. But do not use low-sodium, high in volume due to low sodium and potassium ions.

Precautions after renal transplantation

Attention to diet

Kidney transplantation is the most effective ESRD treatment, renal transplant patients because of the low protein diet and taking a long-term dialysis before surgery, there are different degrees of malnutrition. Long-term use of immunosuppressive drugs after transplantation, but also varying degrees of influence metabolism, causing hypoproteinemia, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, electrolyte disorders, thereby increasing malnutrition in the patient, so reasonable arrangements for the renal diet transplant patients is particularly important, not only to provide a good nutritional needs kidney transplant patients, it will greatly improve the survival rate of patients with renal transplant.

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Renal transplantation with the basic principles of family food conditioning is add the right amount of high quality protein, low fat, low cholesterol, low sugar, low salt, appropriate to add minerals and vitamins.

(1) add the right amount of high quality protein to protein supply after surgery should be considered in patients with renal tolerance according to guarantee both to meet demand without increasing the body has not yet recovered the burden of renal function. Early postoperative renal transplantation increased protein supply can minimize the side effects of hormone-induced reduction in muscle protein consumed daily intake of 1.2 ~ 1.5g / kg body weight. 3 months after surgery due to reduced amounts of hormones, protein intake was adjusted to adult daily intake of 0.6 ~ -1.0g / kg body weight, after dialysis treatment if the transplant still may be appropriate to increase the protein requirement. High-quality protein is mainly animal protein, such as fish, eggs, milk, poultry, lean meat, should reduce edible protein, such as peanuts, soybeans, soy products, will produce a large amine after its metabolism, increasing the burden on the kidneys.

(2) low fat, low cholesterol hyperlipidemia after renal transplantation incidence rate of 60%, caused by hyperlipidemia reason a lot of patients, such as corticosteroids, immunosuppression, renal dysfunction, Dietary factors and so on. So patients diet should be light, mainly vegetable oil, lard, beef tallow and other as little as possible, not more than one egg yolk per day. Pumpkin, potatoes, sweet potatoes and yams and other help to lower cholesterol. Recommend eating chicken, fish and the like; cattle, sheep, pork and other "red meat." "White meat" less consumption; avoid greasy, do not eat fried foods, limit high-cholesterol foods, such as organ meats, egg yolks, crab, caviar, trotters, pork skin, chicken and other intake.

(3) Diet after renal transplantation, the use of corticosteroids often causes abnormal glucose metabolism, diabetes can cause insulin resistance, combined with the lack of other nutrients may also increase the degree of renal transplant patients with diabetes, the individual differences are also important factors one, so after renal transplantation carbohydrate intake should not be too high, pay attention to strengthening the monitoring of blood glucose.


(4) add minerals and vitamins can lead to high blood pressure after renal transplantation, hypocalcemia hyperphosphatemia and hyperkalemia, therefore, should be strictly limited sodium and potassium intake. Although the kidney transplant to correct the parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D metabolism, but because after kidney transplantation corticosteroids and immunosuppressive therapy still heavier bone disease, reduce intestinal calcium conversion, therefore, should be appropriate to oral some of the calcium , but the high calcium intake may increase calcium kidney stone formation, general adult kidney transplant recipients nutrition recommended calcium intake was 800mg / d. Kidney transplant recipients need to increase the intake of food containing phosphorus, phosphorus intake should be based on clinical test results. In fish, bones Tang Zhongfu phosphorus, may be appropriate to add. You should eat a variety of fresh vegetables and fruits to meet the needs of a variety of vitamins. Hanged improve immune function foods such as white fungus, black fungus, mushrooms, turtle, red dates, royal jelly and so on.

How to Help Patients with Kidney Failure Avoid Dialysis

The kidney is a function of the organ, which plays a detoxification, drainage, endocrine and regulate water and electrolyte imbalance and so on, if you are suffering from renal disease, especially in the uremic stage, almost lost kidney detoxification, drainage and other functions, resulting in vivo metabolite did not break out toxins too high, causing damage to various organs, and eventually failure requiring hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis or kidney transplantation therapy.

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The development of kidney disease is a chronic disease, also known as "gentle killer", difficult to detect early, clinical symptoms are not obvious, most kidney patients after renal damage was found to some extent, especially in the mid-renal injury patients, the best treatment time has been missed, but kidney function is in rapid progress state, if not treated, will soon lead to renal failure, eventually undergoing dialysis or kidney transplantation. So how do you make this part of the kidney patients through active treatment, try to avoid dialysis it, and this is of concern to us all.

The first is the basic treatment, prevention of colds, infections, avoid fatigue, combined with kidney disease reasonable diet, while strictly with the good standard (people change, rest, stool, blood pressure, diet, rest, etc.) to perform these basic things are The fundamental treatment may well eliminate the reversible factors, reducing pathological damage the kidneys, enhance the body's immune function.

Followed by symptomatic treatment, active treatment of complications, such as improving blood pressure, anemia, electrolyte, which can protect the body's balance of kidney patients, and create conditions for the resumption of kidney disease, and actively enhance intestine and sweat detoxification, detoxification body's way 20% mainly through the intestinal tract and sweat detoxification, intestinal detoxification through oral drugs, such as: medicinal charcoal, including aldehyde oxidized starch, open with, Niaoduqing particles, while ensuring good on the 1st stool frequency 2-3 times, partial thin as well, enema and colon dialysis but also enhance intestinal detoxification treatment in two important ways, so that the liquid can be sufficiently in contact with the intestinal tract, more immediacy to remove intestinal toxins, herbal steam bath therapy is a new treatment way, it not only can improve the body's blood circulation, but also can play the role of sweat detoxification, especially for those medium-term kidney disease injuries were more applicable.


Finally, cure kidney treatment, 80% of the body's detoxification way mainly through the kidneys to detoxification, detoxification ability of the kidney itself only increased, the body of toxins before it can be lowered, to avoid hemodialysis. How to make the medium-term damage of kidney disease in patients with active treatment can be avoided by dialysis, which is the majority of patients with kidney disease are looking for.

Complications of chronic hemodialysis patients

1) The electrolyte acid-base metabolism in uremic patients because the kidneys reduce acid secretion, the body often in a state of metabolic acidosis. Hyperkalemia in dialysis patients is taking ACEI major adverse reactions, medication intake and monitoring of potassium and potassium.

2) cardiovascular complications

hypotension often occurs in dialysis patients for many years, systolic blood pressure during dialysis is usually no more than 100mmHg, the rate was 5% --10%. Age, excessive ultrafiltration, acetate dialysate, dialysate temperature is higher, the difference between the dialysis membrane biocompatibility, hyperphosphatemia and vasodilators application is the incentive for its occurrence.

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3) blood complications

a) coagulation abnormalities uremic patients because of von Willebrand factor and platelet glycoprotein dysfunction, platelet dysfunction, use of anticoagulants and other factors, often bleeding can occur.

b) maintenance of anemia in hemodialysis patients because the erythropoietin synthesis, anemia, nutritional deficiencies, and other red blood cell growth factor inhibiting factors in plasma, can occur in varying degrees of anemia. Wherein erythropoietin coagulation hyperthyroidism, hyperkalemia, hypertension, seizures and other adverse reactions, should pay attention to early detection and prevention.

c) can occur in patients immunocompromised granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes function was inhibited, low immunity, good infection.

4) neurological complications

5) bone disease and hyperparathyroidism

6) metabolic abnormalities and malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis patients due to the protein synthesis and amino acid disorders are missing from the dialysate, often in a negative nitrogen balance. It can also occur in patients with lipid metabolism disorders.

7) dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) is a long-term hemodialysis patients with the most common and disabling complications. In hemodialysis over five years in patients over the age of 0, about 60% of patients with clinical or pathological evidence of DRA, more than 10 years of almost 100% occurrence DRA. Amyloid deposition occurs mainly in bone and joint and soft tissue, leading to carpal tunnel syndrome, chronic joint disease, recent reports have deposited pleura. Most scholars believe that hemodialysis patients and patient length of time age is a major factor leading to the occurrence of DRA.


8), hepatitis and other complications such as dialysis ascites, pulmonary edema, acquired renal cysts, mental disorders

What Foods Should Diabetic nephropathy Patients Avoid

In order to protect the kidneys, reducing their workload, people with diabetes should be as tasteless a number of dishes, salt intake should be less than 7 g per day should limit the intake of water in severe renal failure.

Diabetic diet Note

1, to the loss of blood sugar control is important.

Blood sugar continues to rise, it will induce fat cholesterol metabolism, promote glomeruli. Intimal thickening of capillary sclerosis kidney degeneration, it lost normal function. One key to controlling blood sugar restricted calorie intake, Second, insist on taking hypoglycemic drugs, the king is to avoid the emotional, infections can cause blood sugar fluctuations of various factors.

2, salt intake should be limited.

In order to protect the kidneys, reducing their workload, people with diabetes should be as tasteless a number of dishes, salt intake should be less than 7 g per day should limit the intake of water in severe renal failure.

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3, appropriate restrictions potassium and protein intake.

Because diabetic nephropathy prone to acidosis and hyperkalemia, once there, will induce cardiac disorders and hepatic coma, therefore, should be restrained potassium drinks, fruit potassium intake should be controlled at c protein per kilogram of body weight per day 0.6 0.8 g, and in easily digestible fish, lean meat is better, because the plant protein is not easily absorbed, it will increase the burden on the kidneys. In addition, the protein in high potassium, control of protein intake to a certain extent, but also conducive to limit potassium.

4, adequate intake of vitamins, trace elements.

Especially vitamin B, vitamin C and zinc, calcium, iron, etc., can play a protective effect on the kidneys.many kinds of trace elements in the right proportion, easy to take one tablet daily can. Vitamin E is available to 11 international units per day of vitamin C daily 0.3 grams, which is slightly larger amount anyway.

5, carbohydrates

The view at home and abroad under the same premise of total calories, diabetes sufferers diet should adopt a high-carbohydrate diet. Pluses and no minuses. Generally more than 59 percent of total calories to 65% is appropriate, it can even say that up to 85% (but sugar "11.1mmol / L were also to limit appropriate).

6, fat

Although there are many fat people benefit, but in general belongs to the limits, according to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommends 30% ≤ total calories as well. If obesity and weight loss as the main key, should reduce the amount of fat, total fat 50 grams a day is generally a low-fat diet category ("100 grams of high-fat food).

Food choices: should eat unsaturated fatty acids high vegetable fat, avoid animal fats (saturated fatty acids). The former high content in liquid form, referred to as an oil; the latter often has a solid content of Cao Bang, called fat. Such as soybean oil, corn oil, sesame oil, mustard oil, peanut oil, etc. as well; animal foods, low-fat followed by fish, poultry, eggs, livestock. It is possible to eat more fish. Domestic animals better than pig meat

7, protein


Diabetes intake of scientific evidence is very limited, there is no sufficient evidence to support should be higher or lower than the general population. But also tends to increase the protein content appropriately, 12% to 20% of total calories is appropriate, if the children, pregnant women, malnutrition, weight loss, wasting, could increase, as appropriate; kidney disease, could give low-protein diet, about 10 percent of total calories (0.8g / kg · d).

Treatment Methods For Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetic nephropathy treatment varies depending on the stage of disease. Clinically, mainly for the following aspects:

1. Control blood sugar

Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) should be controlled at 7.0% or less. Strict control of blood sugar can partially improve renal blood flow abnormalities dynamics; at least in type 1 diabetes can delay the appearance of microalbuminuria; reduce existing microalbuminuria into clinically significant proteinuria.

2. Control of blood pressure

Diabetic nephropathy hypertension is not only common cause of diabetic nephropathy is also an important factor in the occurrence and development. Antihypertensive drug of choice for angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB). These drugs have improved renal hemodynamics, reduce urinary protein excretion, inhibiting mesangial cells, fibroblasts and macrophage activity, improve filtration membrane permeability and other pharmacological effects. Even under normal circumstances systemic blood pressure can produce kidney protection function, and does not depend on hemodynamic improvement buck. The main side effects of ACEI hyperkalemia, renal dysfunction, and dry cough. Blood pressure targets in blood pressure associated with proteinuria is 130 / 80mmHg. β-blockers and diuretics and lipid disorders because of their potential effect is not included in the first-line treatment advocate, unless the merger tachycardia or edema. Calcium channel blockers (CCB) renal protection in diabetic patients with nephropathy is not clear, but the role of diltiazem class seems superior to dihydropyridine class, which alone is not recommended for patients with diabetes nephropathy.

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3. Diet

High protein diets increase the glomerular perfusion, high filtration, and therefore advocates the principle of high-quality protein. Protein intake should be at a high biological potency of animal protein-based, early stage should be limited protein intake to 0.8g / (kg · d), has a large number of patients with proteinuria and kidney failure can be reduced to 0.6g / (kg · d). In patients with advanced renal dysfunction, should supplement α- keto acid. In addition, it was suggested to fish, chicken and other parts in place of red meat (such as beef, lamb, pork), and the addition of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Also do not unduly limit the vegetable protein such as soy protein intake.

4. The alternative treatment for end-stage renal disease

To end stage renal failure renal replacement therapy was feasible, but the prognosis is worse than non-diabetics.

Diabetic nephropathy patient's own common complications of diabetes, uremia early symptoms should be appropriate to relax the indications for renal replacement therapy. General endogenous creatinine clearance rate dropped to 10 ~ 15ml / min or associated with significant gastrointestinal symptoms, high blood pressure and heart failure is not easy to control who can enter hemodialysis. Hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis is similar long-term survival, the former in favor of glycemic control, dialysis adequacy is good, but difficult to establish arteriovenous fistula, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accident prone during dialysis; the latter are often used in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis ( CAPD), has the advantage of short-term help to protect the residual renal function, because it does not have to use anticoagulants in patients with existing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular accident can also be implemented, but with glucose as osmotic solutes patient's blood glucose levels are difficult to control.

5. Organ Transplantation

For patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy, kidney transplantation is the most effective treatment in the United States accounted for about 20% of kidney transplant patients. In recent years cadaveric renal transplantation 5 year survival rate was 79%, living donor kidney transplantation was 91%, while receiving dialysis 5-year survival rate of only 43%. In particular, relatives living kidney donor kidney survival rate was significantly higher than those of cadaveric renal transplantation. However, graft survival in diabetic patients with nephropathy is still 10% lower than non-diabetic patients. Kidney transplantation alone does not prevent the recurrence of diabetic nephropathy can not improve other diabetic complications.


Organ transplantation of kidney and pancreas may make patients glycosylated hemoglobin and serum creatinine levels returned to normal, and improving other diabetic complications, so the patient's quality of life is better than in renal transplant recipients.

How Do Hypertensive Nephropathy Patients Eat

What is the diet for hypertensive nephropathy? ESRD in 20% is due to hypertension due. Thus, for high blood pressure patients, how to prevent high blood pressure kidney disease is particularly critical. Today we take a look at how to prevent high blood pressure in hypertensive patients with nephrotic from the diet.
Hypertensive renal disease patients in the diet should pay attention to what several aspects.

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① hypertensive nephropathy patients should be low-sugar diet.

② hypertensive nephropathy patients should intake of the right amount of protein: protein intake in patients with hypertensive nephropathy is one gram per day per kilogram of body weight per day. 2-3 times a week to eat fish protein, can improve vascular permeability and flexibility, increased urinary sodium discharge of hypertensive kidney patients to achieve blood pressure lowering effect. If hypertension and renal insufficiency, it should limit the intake of protein.

③ hypertensive renal disease patients should eat more calcium, potassium-rich foods. Such as kelp, lettuce, potatoes, eggplant, yogurt, shrimp, milk. Hypertensive renal disease patients should eat less broth category, because the broth extract nitrogen increased, it can contribute to increased uric acid, increasing the burden on the liver, kidney, heart.

④ hypertensive nephropathy patients should limit the intake of salt: daily should be progressively reduced to six grams. This amount refers to the amount of salt include cook with salt and other foods are converted into the amount of sodium salt. Appropriate to reduce sodium intake can help reduce blood pressure, reduce the body's sodium and water retention.


⑤ hypertensive nephropathy patients should limit fat intake: during the time cooking, use vegetable oil, you can eat more fish, fish containing unsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol oxidation, thereby reducing plasma cholesterol, can also extend the platelet aggregation, inhibition thrombosis, prevention of stroke, also contains more linoleic acid, to increase the flexibility of capillaries and prevent blood vessel rupture, preventing complications of hypertension have a certain role.

What Harms Will Long-term Hypertension Do to the kidneys

As we all know, high blood pressure can cause heart, brain, kidney and other organ complications that can lead to high morbidity and mortality, 42% had renal complications, 10% of the hypertensive patients died of renal failure. In one group of patients followed up for 20 years, the fundus examination showed grade I hypertensive retinal changes, 12% proteinuria, grade by 22 percent have proteinuria, 19% of men decreased renal function, level by 57% proteinuria, 27% male renal function decline. Therefore, the more severe hypertensive disease, the longer the duration, hypertensive nephropathy and renal failure incidence is higher.

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On the one hand, high blood pressure cause kidney damage; prolonged hypertension renal arteriosclerosis and renal damage, renal dysfunction when there may be significantly increased frequency of nocturia embolism. Chronic renal failure hypertension on kidney damage is a serious complication of hypertension and renal failure which accounts for about 10%. Hypertension and kidney damage can affect each other, creating a vicious cycle.

On the other hand, will increase kidney damage hypertension. General to hypertension, post, renal artery hardening, decreased renal blood flow, renal urine concentrating ability is reduced, appears more urine and nocturia increased phenomenon. Abrupt development of hypertension can cause widespread chronic renal arteries Mi changed, resulting in malignant renal arteriosclerosis, which quickly developed into uremia.

Currently, hypertensive renal disease has attracted the attention of many patients, for the treatment of hypertensive patients with renal disease, there are many, hypertensive renal disease how to treat it?

Conventional therapy clinical buck and spend some of the simple elimination of proteinuria drugs, just to stay in the symptomatic treatment but did not go to therapy for kidney cause is impaired glomerular endothelial cells, so there is always the lesion progresses and this is your good times and bad condition and permanently root of the problem of chronic persistent. In the use of drugs, the scientific method should be used in combination or integrated use in Western medicine approach. Not simply the use of traditional Chinese medicine or Western medicine method. A method alone because the effect is always limited.


Therefore, Chinese medicine treatment recommendations for hypertensive nephropathy taking the medicine to help cure health. Scientific research shows that the pharmacological components of Ganoderma lucidum is very rich, in which the active ingredient can be divided into ten categories, including Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, Ganoderma lucidum peptides, triterpenoids like. The human body has two-way adjustment, enhance immune function, improve the body's resistance significant role. It is different from generic drugs for the treatment of certain diseases into the sky, it is also different from the general lack of nutrition and health food is only one aspect of nutrient supplement and strengthen, but in the whole bidirectional regulate body functions balanced mobilize the body's internal energy, regulation of human metabolic function, improve their own immunity, prompting all the internal organs or organ function normalized.

What Are Complications of polycystic kidney disease (PKD)

Polycystic kidney disease will bring a very big impact to patients, and we do need to actively correct treatment to avoid complications, but there are not many people with polycystic kidney disease too understand, do not actively sick after treatment, let's look at what are the complications of polycystic kidney disease?
Polycystic kidney disease complications:

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1, urinary abnormalities: mainly as proteinuria or hematuria, is one of the earlier symptoms appear. Appears most of proteinuria, and glomerular barrier function of a relationship, hematuria patients find themselves suffering from polycystic kidney disease polycystic main factors examined.

Hematuria is a major factor because the cyst cyst constantly increasing, mutual between the capsule and the capsule oppression, caused (cyst [translation]: It is a benign disease, it can grow in the body surface, it can grow in the gut ;. cyst is a long organ in the body, benign cystic mass, the nature of its contents is a liquid) or kidney rupture caused by bleeding. Generally intermittent painless gross hematuria, mostly mild, and was sustained appear. In the early days there will appear relatively light degree of urinary urgency, nocturia, polyuria phenomenon, under normal circumstances and diminished kidney concentration function of a relationship.

2, abdominal mass: When the kidneys increases to a certain extent, you can touch the different sizes of lumps in the abdomen with unilateral or bilateral, and will move with the breath, accompanied by tenderness infection. Polycystic kidney disease patients with bilateral palpable abdominal mass is about 50% -80%, about 15% -30% one-sided.

3, anemia: Most polycystic kidney disease patients will experience a heavy light switch by the anemic process, and will often accompanied by nocturnal. This symptom generally and kidneys secrete erythropoietin decreasing kidney function decline.

4. Hypertension: Hypertension is one of many symptoms of polycystic kidney disease frequency in approximately 50% -60%. Usually before renal dysfunction have occurred, and accompanied by headache, dizziness, hyperactivity closely related to the renin-angiotensin system.

5, waist, abdominal pain or discomfort localized: Under normal circumstances in polycystic kidney disease early when it will find such symptoms, mainly for low back pressure, sometimes severe pain. Can be expressed as the mechanism of intermittent or continuous seizures, sometimes manifested as abdominal pain, pain in the upper abdomen, groin, back, chest radiology, pain may be due to running, sedentary, activity intensified, patients are forced to stay in bed, pain can occur due to the increase and expansion of the kidney, the renal capsule capsular tension increases lead to compression of adjacent organs cited stretch tissue caused by the suspension.


6, urinary symptoms: If no urine, frequent urination, urgency, urinary pain, hematuria, nocturia, oliguria and so on.

What to eat for treatment of patients with uremia help

Uremia after the occurrence of such diseases seriously affect the health of patients, uremia do we need to focus on the positive proper treatment and care, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of some harm, in order to help to uremic patients sick after doing proper treatment and care , let's look at the uremia diet should pay attention to what and related care.

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Uremia diet related matters:

Uremic patients intake of protein is strictly limited, try to choose a good source of protein (such as meat, eggs, milk protein quality is better) in order to take full advantage in repair or maintain muscles strong, legumes (soy exceptions) , stone fruits, poor protein quality gluten products, whole grains, flour products, sweet potatoes, taro, potatoes, vegetables, fruits contain, will create more waste, increasing the burden on the kidneys. Protein intake should be controlled at 0.6 grams per kilogram of body weight, for example, weighs 50 kg, the daily protein intake should be controlled to about 30 grams.

Due to limitations of protein intake, intake of rice class is also limited, and therefore less likely to cause the heat, then the body of the original protein will be consumed, but to make urea increased resistance to deterioration, so the activities necessary to eat more high calorie, low-protein foods (carbohydrates, such as: sugar, honey, fruit and sugar; vegetable fats and protein powder such as Vermicelli, sago, etc.) The main function of phosphorus is to strengthen bones, kidney failure patients are unable to work due to the kidney Therefore excess phosphorus accumulate in the blood, resulting in hyperphosphatemia, leading to itchy skin and bone lesions. High phosphorus foods are dairy products, soft drinks, cola, yeast (Kin Su sugar), offal, dried beans, whole grains (brown rice, whole wheat bread), eggs, dried fish, should also be careful to avoid more food.
When poor kidney function, the body may not be able to effectively remove excess potassium, but potassium is too high can cause serious cardiac conduction and contraction abnormalities and even death. So usually should eat less high content of potassium vegetables (such as mushrooms, mustard, cauliflower, spinach, water spinach, bamboo shoots, tomatoes, carrots, pumpkin, guava) and fruit (such as loquat, peaches, oranges, hard persimmon, orange etc.) and avoid eating raw vegetables salad ... other such as coffee, tea, chicken, cow fine, ginseng essence, concentrated broth, soy sauce, salt and other bags of potassium content is also high, eat sparingly.

Generally speaking, the patient should be given sufficient heat, do not limit fat and sugar intake to prevent protein degradation in vivo, to maintain the quality of nitrogen balance. Given low-salt, low-protein diet, protein is a high biological value of eggs, milk and other animal protein eat plant protein containing a large amount of non-essential amino acids, such as: walnuts, peanuts, melon seeds and other nuts and bitter almonds. Guard against overeating lot of protein, and note that the day allowed intake of protein sequence Dayton clothing. Avoid high-protein can not be fully utilized and cause relatively insufficient intake of protein. It should be noted in the amount of fruits and vegetables contain protein. It should also give a lot of vitamins. Staple food grain intake should be limited. Give high-calorie, low-protein wheat starch, corn starch, lotus root starch. In patients with urea to give high-calorie, high in vitamins, low-protein diet, while generally limiting foods high in phosphorus intake. Eating rice, meat, boiled to soup when fish first before cooking to eat. Or low phosphorus diet plus service phosphate binders.


Drinking water intake was advocated: the day before by adding 500ml of urine calculations, water metabolism disorders in patients with uremia, as the case may be, generally lies in the amount of fluid around 2L. It should also pay attention to diet supplement or limit potassium, sodium, magnesium and other trace elements. Since uremia patient's condition varied. We should be ready to adjust your diet regimen based on their laboratory reports.

What Are Treatment principles For Purpura Nephritis

Purpura nephritis should be based on the patient's age, clinical manifestations and degree of renal impairment different treatment options.

Positive control autoimmune inflammatory response, inhibiting mesangial proliferative lesions, preventing and delaying chronic renal fibrosis form.

General treatment

In active disease, should pay attention to rest and maintain water and electrolyte balance. Edema, proteinuria should be salt, water restrictions and avoid the intake of high protein food. To prevent purpura recurrence increased kidney damage, should pay attention to the prevention of upper respiratory tract infection, chronic infection cleared disease (such as chronic tonsillitis, pharyngitis), actively looking for a possible allergen, avoid contact again.

medical treatement

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(1) isolated hematuria or pathology I level:

Only allergic purpura treated accordingly, microscopic hematuria currently have no exact effect reported in the literature. Should closely monitor changes in condition, it is recommended minimum follow-up 3--5 years.

(2) Isolated proteinuria, hematuria and proteinuria or pathological stage IIa:

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and (or) angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) class of drugs have lower proteinuria role. TWP 1mg / (kg · d), 3 times orally, the daily dose does not exceed 60mg, course of three months. However, it should be noted that the gastrointestinal tract, liver damage, bone marrow suppression and possible side effects of gonadal injury.

(3) non-proteinuria or renal disease pathology II b, Ⅲa level:

With TWP 1 mg / (kg · d), orally 3 times daily maximum amount of not more than 60mg, course of 3 to 6 months. Or hormone combined with immunosuppressive therapy, such as hormones and cyclophosphamide, combined with cyclosporine A or tacrolimus.

(4) nephrotic syndrome or pathological Ⅲb, IV level: 

the group of clinical symptoms and pathological lesions are heavier, are more inclined to use hormone combined with immunosuppressive therapy, which most certainly is the efficacy of corticosteroids combined with cyclophosphamide ( CTX) treatment. If the clinical symptoms of severe, diffuse disease or pathology associated with crescent formation, the choice of methylprednisolone pulse therapy, 15 ~ 30mg / (kg · d) or 1000mg / (1.73 m2 · d), the daily maximum amount of not more than 1g, every day or every other day impact, 3 times for a course of treatment. CTX dose of 0.75 ~ 1.0g / m2 intravenous infusion once a month, with six consecutive months, instead of every intravenous infusion of 1 March, the total is generally not more than 8g. Renal insufficiency, CTX dose should be halved.

Other treatment options combined hormone tacrolimus, mycophenolate combined hormone mofetil, azathioprine combined hormone therapy.

Plasma therapies


Clinical manifestations of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, renal biopsy showed a large number of crescent formation (> 50%) of nephritis, progression to end-stage renal failure risky, such heavy cases should take active treatment measures, such as plasmapheresis.- Clinical studies have shown that in hormones and cytotoxic drugs on the basis of joint plasmapheresis, or plasma exchange alone, reduce kidney damage, rate of progression of renal failure.

Nursing Care And Diet Plan For IgA Nephropathy

1. Psychological care: to explain a variety of questions, the proper interpretation disease, patients are encouraged to use the successful cases, create a quiet, clean, comfortable treatment environment for patients;

2. Life Care: to ensure adequate sleep, every day should be more than eight hours, bed rest to gross hematuria disappeared, giving low-salt, low fat, low phosphorus, high calcium, high-quality low-protein diet such as milk, fish. Eat less animal offal and easy food allergies and the like;

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3. Strengthening skin care, keep the skin intact. The patient is asked often bathe frequently changes the underwear, trimmed finger (toe); help patients choose no irritation or irritation of toiletries;

4. Close observation of changes in blood pressure, maintain water and electrolyte balance. Sooner or later, blood pressure 1, observed and recorded 24 hours urine, vomit amount and the amount of fluid calculated based on the total fluid volume and the amount of the rational use of diuretics;

5. The proper exercise, such as qigong, tai chi and so on.

6. actively prevent respiratory infections, recurrent tonsillitis patients resection feasible.

7. Drug treatment should be under the guidance of a doctor, to avoid the application of kidney damage drugs, such as gentamicin, amikacin and so on.

Diet

1. gross hematuria, the drugs do not indiscriminately, first go to the hospital checked.

2. suspected of suffering IgA nephropathy is best to do biopsy confirmed. Clearly pathological type.

3. During the sick pay attention to prevent colds and fatigue, in order to avoid relapse.

4. repressor antigen invasive, infectious hospital surgical removal of antigens can be the source of infection, especially suppurative pathogens through, together with Chinese modulating and anti-infective drugs, often play a multiplier effect.

5. Lee above type Ⅲ or early mild IgA nephropathy patients after general treatment ineffective, should be timely application of immunosuppressive therapy, according to the wishes of pathological findings and patient, the choice of individual immunosuppressive therapy. Abandon immunosuppressive therapy, often leading to exacerbations or repeatedly delayed healing.

6. who has been taking hormones, decreasing the hormone dosage and frequency should be under the guidance of the physician depending on the circumstances. Must not be arbitrary withdrawal.


7. The natural history of renal disease usually takes a year or longer, should adhere to the medication and tests.

What Is The Prevention For PKD

What is the prevent of polycystic kidney disease (PKD)? Here I introduce you some aspects:

1. prevent colds

Polycystic kidney patients suffering from heart disease is very painful, because is not the same with other kidney disease, polycystic kidney disease is a lifelong genetic diseases, along with the need for a lifetime, even the extra attention, care more considerate family still can not stop the continued enlargement of the cysts objective reality. At this time, such as colds, especially recurrent colds will make polycystic kidney damage in patients worse one point, play a role in worsening matters worse, it will accelerate the progress of renal injury.

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2. Control a good diet

Polycystic kidney disease in patients with a reasonable diet to control deterioration of renal function is very important. Use low-salt diet every day from 2 to 3 grams of edible salt is appropriate, eat potassium, phosphorus diet to low protein, low fat diet, eat foods rich in vitamins and plant crude fiber diet, keep the stool.

3. To prevent injury

Polycystic kidney cysts continue enlargement will lead to cysts cuff pressure continues to grow, forcing the patient's kidneys are also increasing, increased intra-abdominal pressure. At this point any minor trauma, such as sprains, bruises, falls, etc. will increase intra-abdominal pressure or external trauma direct impact on the enlargement of cysts, prompting cyst rupture has a high internal pressure, bleeding, it is easy to induce infection ʱ??

4. The good control of blood pressure


The vast majority of patients with polycystic kidney disease will appear before the hypertension with impaired renal function, we have called polycystic kidney disease: high blood pressure will accelerate renal damage, while high blood pressure will be on the heart, brain damage blood vessels, associated with polycystic kidney disease have ruptured cerebral aneurysms cause serious complications such as stroke, so good control of blood pressure to delay the deterioration of renal function speed to prevent critical complications.

What Are Treatments For PKD

There is currently no way to prevent development of the disease. Early detection, to prevent the occurrence and development of complications, complications have arisen in a timely manner is crucial to properly treat.

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1. General treatment

Under normal circumstances, patients with polycystic kidney disease after checking out, first of all to maintain an optimistic attitude, if not yet the impact on the patient's normal life, usually do not need to pay attention or eat salty, spicy, spicy food, time to the law mood to steady optimism; if the impact on the normal life of the patient, usually pay attention to more than a few, but also for the treatment, and the sooner the better, otherwise allowed to develop to renal failure uremia, too late.

2. cyst decortication

This procedure reduces the cysts of the renal parenchyma of oppression, the majority of the remaining nephrons protection against extrusion and further damage, renal ischemia situation has improved, and some renal units have been restored, delaying the progression of the disease. The key to successful operation is an operation as soon as possible, cyst decompression must be thoroughly, do not give small cysts and deep cyst decompression. Bilateral should surgery, general surgery bilateral interval of six months or more. Advanced cases such as existing renal impairment in azotemia, uremia, whether or not associated with high blood pressure, reduced pressure treatment has been meaningless, surgery to combat anti may be worse.

3. Chinese medicine treatment

Currently Chinese medicine conservative treatment (taking the medicine) in the treatment of polycystic kidney disease, the effect is very good. TCM holistic concept and TDS that polycystic kidney disease is the result of joint action of external and internal factors, the diversion by rung, and gradually let cyst liquid discharge, to make the cyst gradually narrow purposes. Although TCM genetic problems can not be overcome, but the effect of conservative treatment is Western medicine can not match, and substantially non-toxic side effects, less recurrence.

4. Dialysis and Transplantation

To end stage renal failure, dialysis treatment immediately should be the preferred hemodialysis. Polycystic kidney transplant survival rates and other reasons, the treatments were similar, but also associated with the disease, increasing the difficulty of postoperative treatment, affecting transplantation.

5. hematuria treatment

When hematuria, in addition to a clear reason given treatment as soon as possible, but should reduce activity or bed rest. Dialysis or dialysis patients has been forthcoming, such as severe recurrent hematuria can not control, consider using transcatheter renal artery embolization.

6. infections

Renal parenchymal infection and cyst infection is a major complication of the disease, generally the principle of combined antibiotics.

7. treatment of urinary tract stones

For treatment of urinary tract stones processed according to principles based on the location and size of the stones.

8. treatment of hypertension

Renal ischemia and renin - angiotensin - aldosterone system activation, is the main reason for the occurrence of hypertension, antihypertensive drugs should so choose.

9. Micro-Chinese Medicine Treatment


Micro-Chinese Medicine penetration with congenital polycystic kidney disease therapy without surgically treatment, reason is that even with surgery (decortication surgery, or pumping fluid curing surgery) to large renal cyst oppression issues temporarily resolved, but after a small cyst can not solve a big cyst removal due to the pressure caused by the reduction but quickly increases. Surgical therapy is only an expedient measure, with limitations.

What Are the Causes of Hypertensive Nephropathy

Hypertension on our lives have had a great influence, hypertension care is not good will indirectly cause hypertensive nephropathy, I believe we all want to know why hypertensive nephropathy is? Here to tell you about the specific clinical Hypertension reasons for it.

In general, the main cause of high blood pressure are:

1. Weather factors

the weather cools, the skin and subcutaneous tissue shrinks blood vessels, resulting in peripheral vascular resistance increases, causing high blood pressure.

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2. Body weight and obesity factors

weight gain is not only the factors leading to obesity, but also the risk factors for hypertension, the more body fat, the greater the risk of hypertension.

3. high-salt diet factors

the Chinese diet salt content is higher than in Western populations. Northern China, intake per person per day 12-18 grams of salt; the south about 8 grams of salt intake per person per day. In addition to the characteristics of the diet with high salt content, there are potassium, low calcium and low tendency animal protein. Therefore, high-sodium diet is the main cause of high blood pressure, and low potassium, low calcium and low animal protein diet will increase the adverse effects of high sodium on blood pressure.

4. Drinking factors

Although a small amount of alcohol will not cause an immediate effect on blood pressure. However, whether it is systolic or diastolic blood pressure, are associated with daily alcohol consumption. Compared with non-drinking crowd continued drinking men in four years the risk of hypertension increased 40 percent. This is the cause of high blood pressure in a relatively major. Northern cold weather, hot drink liquor more people than southerners, along with the risk factors of hypertension increases.

5. Psychological factors

work stress, mental burden, living without the law, long-term stay up late, lack of sleep or rest, can cause high blood pressure.

6. Lack of calcium

the body calcium is one of the main reasons hypertensive disease-prone.

7. Genetic factors

domestic and foreign research data shows that there is a strong genetic predisposition to high blood pressure, but genetic factors and environmental factors interact will only lead to elevated blood pressure.


These are formed on the causes of hypertension introduction, I hope you can help, it helps us understand the causes of disease prevention fundamentally, hope you recover soon, we have a perfectly healthy life.

Chronic Kidney Disease Can Lead to Increased Mortality in Patients with Anemia

At present, China chronic kidney disease patients was 10.8% of the adult population, the number of patients to 120 million, of which 1-2 million patients with end-stage renal disease, the need for dialysis or kidney transplantation. Chronic kidney disease is the most common complications of anemia, with renal dysfunction, the incidence of anemia gradually increased, the degree of anemia will gradually increase. Where 98.2 percent of dialysis patients with anemia, 52.1% non-dialysis patients with anemia.

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Not only causes renal anemia, fatigue, physical decline, palpitation and other symptoms lead to a serious decline in quality of life, but also to accelerate the progress of kidney disease, a significant increase in the risk of cardiovascular events. With the development of blood purification technology, many patients with ESRD did not die of kidney failure itself, but died of cardiovascular complications. Therefore, renal anemia is chronic kidney disease is an important reason for the high mortality rate.

But more frightening is that diabetes is about 20-40% in 8 - obviously kidney damage appeared 12 years later, these patients not only faster kidney dysfunction, anemia occurs earlier and more serious, which combined cardiovascular disease is more serious, higher mortality, drug treatment to correct anemia response is also poor.

Kidney disease expert Professor Chen Nan pointed out that the degree of importance for the diagnosis and treatment of renal anemia is not enough, treatment status is worrying. First, pre-dialysis patients with renal anemia treatment rate, multi-center CKD non-dialysis patients with anemia status survey in Shanghai found that a lower stage 1-5 CKD non-dialysis patients with anemia awareness, and treatment rate is anemic patients only one-third. National data show that nearly half of China's new-onset of dialysis patients who had not received prior to dialysis treatment to correct anemia in dialysis patients with anemia in rural Midwest is more serious. The other half of patients have been treated there are low standards and poor compliance issues.

In addition, patients with renal anemia treatment exists the problem of low compliance inadequate dialysis. The treatment of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease not achieve the desired effect, it can accelerate the progression of chronic kidney disease to end-stage renal disease, increased risk of dialysis, cardiovascular risk and mortality. Management on the treatment of anemia of chronic kidney disease, the focus is to regulate renal anemia treatment processes.


Currently on the market common renal anemia drug must be administered intravenously or subcutaneously, refrigerated transport and storage required, reducing treatment compliance. Professor Lin Shantan revealed that currently used for renal anemia oral drugs are being developed in both domestic and foreign synchronization. Early development of this drug in the United States completed late-stage clinical research and production in our country, China is expected to become the first listed countries.

What Are Disadvantages of Chinese Medicine In Treating Lupus Nephritis

There are many errors in the treatment of lupus nephritis. There are many patients that Western medicine toxic side effects, while the Chinese and very slow, so WM will be better, not delay the disease, efficacy faster. We have a lot of doubt in the treatment, the expert on these questions, we have to listen to kidney hospital is how to say it? Integrative treatment of lupus nephritis better.

Since the choice of the patient can be deactivated western medicine treatment. Some patients with lupus nephritis Integrative Medicine, standardized use of hormones and immunosuppressive agents. Side effects of Western medicine's great is that we all know, is also recognized. Once there are no standard use of these drugs, the treatment effect will be very bad, recurrent disease, over time, will lead to the deterioration of the disease, will delay the disease. The traditional Chinese medicine treatment to repair damaged kidneys play a major role in natural cells, blocking renal fibrosis, recovery of renal function.

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Western medicine can cure the root cause. Many Western advertised can be completely cured lupus nephritis, but also you a healthy kidney. In fact, this is wrong, strictly speaking in Chinese medicine can achieve clinical cure. Lupus nephritis is an autoimmune disease, the exact causes are not fully understood. Chinese medical treatment require long-term follow-up, periodic review, adhere to reasonable treatment. Although you can not eliminate the root cause of Traditional Chinese Medicine. But it can achieve the purpose of controlling lupus nephritis, as long as the control properly, patients with lupus nephritis can be like a normal life. There are individual patient illusions, I believe that those remedies unknown, seek the so-called cure, abandon regular treatment, resulting in adverse consequences.

Lupus nephritis induced by uremia whether Chinese medicine treatment, renal function has been restored to some extent, depends on the specific circumstances of the patient. If the activity is due to lupus caused acute kidney injury, after positive Chinese medicine, has the potential to kidney function was restored, from dialysis. With aggressive treatment of disease must avoid becoming a sick, easily believe that the small ads and so-called remedies, the results into the errors treatment of lupus nephritis, delayed the disease. Kidney hospital experts to remind the majority of patients, we must go to a regular large hospital, if you have any questions you can to the hospital for medical treatment.

These are the information about the "Talking lupus nephritis in Chinese and Western medicine treatment of several errors" in. For lupus nephritis of Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of several errors, Shijiazhuang kidney hospital in addition to the original micro-penetration of traditional Chinese medicine therapy, but also fully integrate existing kidney disease treatment technology, has formed a kidney hospital in Shijiazhuang features Kidney-dimensional treatment system, which includes micro-penetration of traditional Chinese medicine therapies to block renal fibrosis as the core of restorative treatment technology + + reconstruction of renal function Renal units. At the same time there is immunosorbent blood purification technology as the core security technology, the full restoration of the role of renal function.


By vasodilators, improve renal ischemia and hypoxia, promote kidney inherent cell repair and regeneration, more extensive treatment prospects. If "On lupus nephritis in Chinese and Western medicine treatment of several misunderstandings" The problem is not clear, consult directly online experts! There will be a special expert telephone respond to your questions.

What To Do For Swelling In Nephrotic Syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is a complex kidney disease. For now, due to the influence of nephrotic syndrome is relatively large, the current understanding of the respective manifestation of this disease and to seek treatment methods of treatment become a very important kind of behavior. The large number of symptoms, the edema is one of them. So how to understand the nephrotic syndrome edema correct?

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For nephrotic syndrome edema how to properly understand the issue, at present, there are the following characteristics:

Edema nephrotic syndrome is a major feature of nephrotic syndrome, nephrotic syndrome edema relative to other symptoms, it is most likely to make people aware, but also most people will think of finding edema kidney disease, edema nephrotic thus say The most obvious indicator occurring.

So nephrotic syndrome have what characteristic? When suffering from nephrotic syndrome edema when mainly in the blood vessels, namely between organizations to increase fluid. When the interstitial fluid volume growth of more than 5kg, namely clinical perceptible pitting edema. Edema generally consistent with the degree of hypoproteinemia. Severe cases can cause pleural effusion, ascites, pericardial effusion, subcutaneous edema and mediastinal effusion as well as breathing difficulties. Interstitial lung pressure due to relatively low, when left ventricular filling pressure slightly increased, to render obvious pulmonary edema.

Nephrotic syndrome edema have a clear relationship with the posture. As one side of the lower extremities in patients with nephrotic syndrome has nothing to do with the position of fixity edema should be suspected and deep vein thrombosis. Such as lower limb swelling lighter and have stubborn, severe ascites, hepatic vein thrombosis should be suspected. Diaphragmatic hiatus due to the location of the various center-right and the blood, lymph reflux and other factors, while there may be at serious right pleural effusion ascites.

The above is for nephrotic syndrome edema know how to correct the problem related presentations made. For the question presented here, we can provide a reference for many by patients with nephrotic syndrome.


The above information on "how to properly edema nephrotic syndrome cognition". For, in addition to kidney hospital created a micro-osmotic treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, but also fully integrated in the treatment of kidney disease prior art, three-dimensional form of kidney disease treatment system features a set of kidney hospital, which includes micro-osmotic treatment of traditional Chinese medicine as the core of resistance off treatment of renal fibrosis + + reconstruction technique to repair renal kidney function units. At the same time there is immunosorbent blood purification technology as the core security technologies; into the surface to restore renal function.